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In the world of high vacuum equipment, there is often a need to make fixed couplings between mechanical components that can guarantee the necessary sealing conditions between a low-pressure environment and the atmosphere. The most used standards nowadays, for the design of these couplings, are basically three: CF, KF and ISO. Let's see the general characteristics and the selection criteria.
O-rings are fundamental elements of high vacuum systems. They are seals in elastomeric material, with a circular section, intended to be inserted in special seats, and to be compressed during use, acting as a sealing element.